Scientific References
| Pierce, JP; Natarajan, L; Sun, S; Al-Delaimy, W; Flatt, SW; Kealey, S; Rock, CL; Thomson, CA; Newman, VA; Ritenbaugh, C; Gold, EB; Caan, BJ. Increases in Plasma Carotenoid Concentrations in Response to a Major Dietary Change in the Women's Healthy Eating and Living Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2006; 15(10):1886-92. |
|
2006 |
| Koushik A, Hunter D, Spiegelman D, et al. Intake of the major carotenoids and the risk of epithelial ovarian cancer in a pooled analysis of 10 cohort studies.Int J Cancer. 2006 Jul 5; [Epub ahead of print] |
|
2006 |
| Silvera, Stephanie A. Navarro; Jain, Meera; Howe, Geoffrey R.; Miller, Anthony B.; Rohan, Thomas E. Carotenoid, vitamin A, vitamin C, and vitamin E intake and risk of ovarian cancer: A prospective cohort study. Cancer Epid Biomarkers & Prevention. 2006; 15(2)395-397 |
|
2006 |
| Michelon E, Blaum C, Semba RD, Xue QL, Ricks MO, Fried LP.Vitamin and carotenoid status in older women: associations with the frailty syndrome. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2006 Jun;61(6):600-7. |
|
2006 |
| Wang L, Liu S, Pradhan AD, Manson JE, Buring JE, Gaziano JM, Sesso HD.Plasma Lycopene, Other Carotenoids, and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Women. Am J Epidemiol. 2006 Jun 26 |
|
2006 |
| Zhao X, Aldini G, Johnson E, Rasmussen H, Kraemer K, Woolf H, Musaeus N, Krinsky N, Russell R, and Yeum K.Modification of lymphocyte DNA damage by carotenoid supplementation in postmenopausal women. Am J Clin Nutr 2006; 83:163–9. |
|
2006 |
| de Moura F, HO C, Getachew G, Hickencottom S, Clifford A. Kinetics of 14C distribution after tracer dose of 14C-lutein in an adult woman. Lipids 2005;40(10):1069-1073. |
|
2005 |
| Kato I, Ren J, Visscher DW, Djuric Z. Nutritional predictors for cellular nipple aspirate fluid: Nutrition and Breast Health Study. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2005 Nov 30;1-7 [Epub ahead of print] |
|
2005 |
| Tamimi RM, Hankinson SE, Campos H, Spiegelman D, Zhang S, Colditz GA, Willett WC, Hunter DJ. Plasma carotenoids, retinol, and tocopherols and risk of breast cancer. Am J Epidemiol. 2005 Jan 15;161(2):153-60. |
|
2005 |
| Gaudet MM, Britton JA, Kabat GC, Steck-Scott S, Eng SM, Teitelbaum SL, Terry MB, Neugut AI, Gammon MD. Fruits, vegetables, and micronutrients in relation to breast cancer modified by menopause and hormone receptor status. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2004 Sep;13(9):1485-94. |
|
2004 |
| Ribaya-Mercado JD, Blumberg JB. Lutein and zeaxanthin and their potential roles in disease prevention. J Am Coll Nutr. 2004 Dec;23(6 Suppl):567S-87S. |
|
2004 |
| Chew BP, Brown CM, Park JS, Mixter PF. Dietary lutein inhibits mouse mammary tumor growth by regulating angiogenesisand apoptosis. Anticancer Res. 2003 Jul-Aug;23(4):3333-9. |
|
2003 |
| Czeczuga-Semeniuk E, Wolczynski S, Markiewicz W. Preliminary identification of carotenoids in malignant and benign neoplasms of the breast and surrounding fatty tissue. Neoplasma. 2003;50(4):280-6. |
|
2003 |
| Forshee, R., Storey, M., Ritenbaugh, C. Breast cancer risk and lifestyle differences among premenopausal and postmenopausal African-American women and white women. Cancer. 2003 97 (1 suppl): 280-288. |
|
2003 |
| Canfield LM, Clandinin MT, Davies DP, Fernandez MC, Jackson J, Hawkes J,Goldman WJ, Pramuk K, Reyes H, Sablan B, Sonobe T, Bo X. Multinational study of major breast milk carotenoids of healthy mothers. Eur J Nutr. 2003 Jun;42(3):133-41. |
|
2003 |
| Semba RD, Blaum C, Guralnik JM, Moncrief DT, Ricks MO, Fried LP. Carotenoid and vitamin E status are associated with indicators of sarcopenia among older women living in the community. Aging Clin Exp Res. 2003 Dec;15(6):482-7. |
|
2003 |
| Wright, M., Mayne, S., Swanson, C., Sinha, R., Alavanja, M. Dietary carotenoids, vegetables, and lung cancer risk in women: the Missouri women’s health study (United States). Cancer Causes Control. 2003 14:85-96. |
|
2003 |
| Schweigert FJ, Steinhagen B, Raila J, Siemann A, Peet D, Buscher U. Concentrations of carotenoids, retinol and alpha-tocopherol in plasma and follicular fluid of women undergoing IVF. Hum Reprod. 2003 Jun;18(6):1259-64. |
|
2003 |
| McMillan, D., Talwar, D., Sattar, N., Underwood, M., O'Reilly, D., McArdle, C. The relationship between reduced vitamin antioxidant concentrations and the systemic inflammatory response in patients with common solid tumors. Clin. Nutr. 2002 21:161-164. |
|
2002 |
| Kim, M., Park, Y., Gong, G., Ahn, S. Breast cancer, serum antioxidant vitamins, and p53 protein overexpression. Nutr. Cancer 2002 43:159-166. |
|
2002 |
| Sato, R., Helzlsour, K., Alberg, A., Hoffman, S., Norkus, E., Comstock, G. Prospective study of carotenoids, tocopherols, and retinoid concentrations and the risk of breast cancer. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. 2002 11:451-457. |
|
2002 |
| Jakovljevic, J., Touillaud, M., Bondy, M., Singletary, S., Pillow, P., Chang, S. Dietary intake of selected fatty acids, cholesterol and carotenoids and estrogen receptor status in premenopausal breast cancer patients. Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 2002 75:5-14. |
|
2002 |
| Terry, P., Jain, M., Miller, A., Howe, G., Rohan, T. Dietary carotenoids and risk of breast cancer. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2002 76:883-888 |
|
2002 |
| Gossage, C., Deyhim, M., Yamini, S., Douglass, L., Moser-Veillon, P. Carotenoid composition of human milk during the first month postpartum and the response to beta-carotene supplementation. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2002 76:193-197. |
|
2002 |
| Hultan, K., Van Kappel, A., Winkvist, A., Kaaks, R., Hallmans, G., Lenner, P., Riboli, E. Carotenoids, alpha-tocopherols, and retinol in plasma and breast cancer risk in northern Sweden. Cancer Causes Control 2001 12:529-537. |
|
2001 |
| Toniolo, P., Van Kappel, A., Akhmedkhanov, A., Ferrari, P., Kato, I., Shore, R., Riboli, E. Serum carotenoids and breast cancer. Am. J. Epidemiol. 2001 153:1148-1150. |
|
2001 |
| Hann, C., Rock, C., King, I., Drewnowski, A. Validation of the Healthy Eating Index with use of plasma biomarkers in a clinical sample of women. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2001 74:479-486. |
|
2001 |
| Van Kappel, A., Steghens, J., Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, A., Chajes, V., Toniolo, P., Riboli, E. Serum carotenoids as biomarkers of fruit and vegetable consumption in the New York Women’s Health Study. Public Health Nutr. 2001 4:829-835. |
|
2001 |
| Bidoli E., La Vecchia, C., Talamini, R., Negri, E., Parpinel, M., Conti, E. Montella, M., Carbone, M., Franceschi, S. Micronutrients and ovarian cancer: a case-control study in Italy. Ann Oncol. 2001 12:1589-1593. |
|
2001 |
| Bertone ER, Hankinson SE, Newcomb PA, Rosner B, Willet WC, Stampfer MJ, Egan KM. A population-based case-control study of carotenoid and vitamin A intake and ovarian cancer (United States). Cancer Causes Control 2001 12:83-90 |
|
2001 |
| Schiff, M., Patterson, R., Baumgartner, R., Masuk, M., van Asselt-King, L., Wheeler, C., Becker, T. Serum carotenoids and risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in southwestern American Indian women. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. 2001 10:1219-1222 |
|
2001 |
| Jewell, V., Northrop-Clewes, C., Tubman, R., Thurnham, D. Nutritional factors and visual function in premature infants. Proc. Nutr. Soc. 2001 87:2849-2856. |
|
2001 |
| Yamini, S., West, K., Wu, L., Dreyfuss, M., Yang, D., Khatry, S. Circulating levels of retinol, tocopherol, and carotenoids in Nepali pregnant and postpartum women following long-term beta-carotene and vitamin A supplementation. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 2001 55:252-259. |
|
2001 |
| Canfield, L., Kaminsky, R., Taren, D., Shaw, E., Sander, J. Red palm oil in the maternal diet increases provitamin A carotenoids in breastmilk and serum of the mother-infant dyad. Eur. J. Nutr. 2001 40:30-38. |
|
2001 |
| Zhang, C., Williams, M., Sanchez, S., King, I., Ware-Jauregui, S., Larrabure, G., Bazul, V., Leisenring, W. Plasma concentrations of carotenoids, retinol, and tocopherols in preeclamptic and normotensive pregnant women. Am. J. Epidemiol. 2001 153:572-580. |
|
2001 |
| Sumantran VN, Zhang R, Lee DS, Wicha MS. Differential regulation of apoptosis in normal versus transformed mammary epithelium by lutein and retinoic acid. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2000 Mar;9(3):257-63. |
|
2000 |
| McCann, S., Freudenheim, J., Marshall, J., Brasure, J., Swanson, M., Graham, S. Diet in the epidemiology of endometrial cancer in western New York. Cancer Causes and Control 2000 11:965-974. |
|
2000 |
| Jain, M., Rohan, T., Howe, G., Miller, A. A cohort study of nutritional factors and endometrial cancer. Eur. J. Epidemiol. 2000 16:899-905. |
|
2000 |
| Goodman, M., McDuffie, K., Hernandez, B., Hankin, J., Wilkens, L., Franke, A., Kolonel, L., Kuypers, J., Kiviat, N., Bertram, C., Kessel, B., Sunoo, C., Nakamura, J., Killeen, J. The association of plasma micronutrients with the risk of cervical atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS). Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev. 2000 1:227-235. |
|
2000 |
| Ito, Y., Gajalakshmi, K., Sasaki, R., Suzuki, K., Shanta, V. A study on serum carotenoid levels in breast cancer patients of Indian women in Chennai, India. J. Epidemiol. 1999 9:306-314 |
|
1999 |
| Zhang, S., Hunter, D., Forman, M., Rosner, B., Speizer, F., Colditz, G., Manson, J., Hankinson, S., Willet, W. Dietary carotenoids and vitamins A, C, and E and risk of breast cancer. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 1999 91:547-556. |
|
1999 |
| McEligot, A., Rock, C., Shanks, T., Flatt, S., Newman, V., Faerber, S., Pierce, J. Comparison of serum carotenoids responses between women consuming vegetable juice and women consuming raw or cooked vegetables. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. 1999 8:227-231. |
|
1999 |
| McEligot, A., Rock, C., Flatt, S., Newman, V., Faerber, S., Pierce, J. Plasma carotenoids are biomarkers of long-term high vegetable intake in women with breast cancer. J. Nutr. 1999 129:2258-2263. |
|
1999 |
| Lan, Y., Kumwenda, N., Taha, T., Chiphangwi, J., Miotti, P., Mtimavalye, L., Broadhead, R., van der Hoeven, L., Hoover, D., Semba, R. Carotenoid status of pregnant women with and without HIV infection in Malawi. East Afr. Med. J. 1999 76:133-137. |
|
1999 |
| Kiely, M., Cogan, P., Kearney, P., Morrissey, P. Concentrations of tocopherol and carotenoids in maternal and cord blood plasma. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 1999 53:711-715. |
|
1999 |
| Nagata, C., Shimizu, H., Yoshikawa, H., Noda, K., Nozawa, S., Yajima, A., Sekiya, S., Sugimori, H., Hirai, Y., Kanazawa, K., Sugase, M,. Kawana, T. Serum carotenoids and vitamins and risk of cervical dysplasia from a case-control study in Japan. Br. J. Cancer 1999 81:1234-1237. |
|
1999 |
| Dorgan, J., Sowell, A., Swanson, C., Potischman, N., Miller, R., Schussler, N., Stephenson, H. Relationships of serum carotenoids, retinol, alpha-tocopherol, and selenium with breast cancer risk: results from a prospective study in Columbia Missouri. Cancer Causes Control 1998 9:89-97. |
|
1998 |
| Park, J., Chew, B., Wong, T. Dietary lutein from marigold extract inhibits mammary tumor development in BALB/c mice. J. Nutr. 1998 128:1650-1656. |
|
1998 |
| Yeum, K., Ahn, S., Rupp dePaiva, S., Lee-Kim, Y., Krinsky, N., Russell, R. Correlation between carotenoid concentrations in serum and normal breast adipose tissue of women with benign breast tumor or breast cancer. J. Nutr. 1998 128:1920-1926. |
|
1998 |
| Yeum, K., Ferland, G., Patry, J., Russell, R. Relationship of plasma carotenoids, retinol and tocopherols in mothers and newborn infants. J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 1998 17:442-447. |
|
1998 |
| Oostenbrug, G., Mensink, R., Al, M., van Houwelingen, A., Hornstra, G. Maternal and neonatal plasma antioxidant levels in normal pregnancy, and the relationship with fatty acid unsaturation. Br. J. Nutr. 1998 80:67-73 |
|
1998 |
| Garcia-Closas, R., Agudo, A., Gonzalez, C., Riboli, E. Intake of specific carotenoids and flavonoids and the risk of lung cancer in women in Barcelona, Spain. Nutr. Cancer. 1998 32:154-158. |
|
1998 |
| Oostenbrug GS, Mensk RP, van Houwelingen AC, Al MD, Hornstra G. Pregnancy-induced hypertension: maternal and neonatal plasma lipid-soluble antioxidant levels and its relationship with fatty acid unsaturation. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1998 Oct;52(10):754-9. |
|
1998 |
| Peng, Y., Peng, Y., Childers, J., Hatch, K., Roe, D., Lin, Y., Lin, P. Concentrations of carotenoids, tocopherols, and retinol in paired plasma and cervical tissue of patients with cervical cancer, precancer, and noncancerous diseases. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. 1998 7:347-350. |
|
1998 |
| De Stefani, E., Correa, P., Ronco, A., Mendilaharsu, M., Guidobono, M., Deneo-Pellegrini, H. Dietary fiber and risk of breast cancer: a case-control study in Uruguay. Nutr. Cancer 1997 28:14-19. |
|
1997 |
| Sumantran VN, Zhang R, Lee DS, Wicha MS. Differential regulation of apoptosis in normal versus transformed mammary epithelium by lutein and retinoic acid. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2000 Mar;9(3):257-63. |
|
1997 |
| Rock, C., Flatt, S., Wright, F., Faerber, S., Newman, V., Kealey, S., Pierce, J. Responsiveness of carotenoids to a high vegetable diet intervention designed to prevent breast cancer recurrence. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. 1997 6:617-623. |
|
1997 |
| Jarvinen, R., Knekt, P., Seppanen, R., Teppo, L. Diet and breast cancer risk in a cohort of Finnish women. Cancer Lett. 1997 114:251-253. |
|
1997 |
| Zhang, S. Tang, G., Russell, R., Mayzel, K., Stampfer, M., Willett, W., Hunter, D. Measurement of retinoids and carotenoids in breast adipose tissue and a comparison of concentrations in breast cancer cases and control subjects. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1997 66:626-632. |
|
1997 |
| Giuliano, A., Papenfuss, M., Nour, M., Canfield, L., Schneider, A., Hatch, K. Antioxidant nutrients: associations with persistent human papillomavirus infection. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. 1997 6:917-923. |
|
1997 |
| Goodman, M., Hankin, J., Wilkins, L., Lyu, L., McDuffie, K., Liu, L., Kolonel, L. Diet, body size, physical activity, and the risk of endometrial cancer. Cancer Res. 1997 57:5077-5085. |
|
1997 |
| Khachik, F., Spangler, C., Smith, J., Canfield, L., Steck, A., Pfander, H. Identification, quantification, and relative concentrations of carotenoids and their metabolites in human milk and serum. Anal. Chem. 1997 69:1873-1881. |
|
1997 |
| Chew, B., Wong, M., Wong, T. Effects of lutein from marigold extract on immunity and growth of mammary tumors in mice. Anticancer Res. 1996 16:3689-3694. |
|
1996 |
| Freudenheim, J., Marshall, J., Vena, J., Laughlin, R., Brasure, J., Swanson, M., Nemoto, T., Graham, S. Premenopausal breast cancer risk and intake of vegetables, fruits, and related nutrients. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 1996 88:340-348. |
|
1996 |
| Rock, C., Saxe, G., Ruffin, M. 4th, August, D., Schottenfeld, D. Carotenoids, vitamin A, and estrogen receptor status in breast cancer. Nutr. Cancer. 1996 88:340-348. |
|
1996 |
| Haq, A., Bailey, C., Chinnah, A. Effect of beta-carotene, canthaxanthin, lutein, and vitamin E on neonatal immunity of chicks when supplemented in the broiler breeder diets. Poult. Sci. 1996 75:1092-1097. |
|
1996 |
| Kucuk, O., Churley, M, Goodman, M., Franke, A., Custer, L., Wilkens, L., St. Pyrek, J. Increased plasma level of cholesterol-5 beta, 6 beta-epoxide in endometrial cancer patients. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. 1994 3:571-574. |
|
1994 |
| Potischman, N., Hoover, R., Brinton, L., Swanson, C., Herrero, R., Tenorio, F., de Britton, R., Gaitan, E., Reeves, W. The relations between cervical cancer and serological markers of nutritional status. Nutr. Cancer 1994 21:193-201. |
|
1994 |
| Batieha, A.M., Armenian, H.K., Norkus, E.P., Morris, J.S., Spate, V.E., Comstock, G.W. Serum micronutrients and the subsequent risk of cervical cancer in a population-based nested case-control study. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. 1993 Jul-Aug 2:335-339. |
|
1993 |
| Steinmetz, K., Potter, J., Folsom, A. Vegetables, fruit, and lung cancer in the Iowa Women’s Health Study. Cancer Res. 1993 53:536-543. |
|
1993 |
| Giuliano, A., Neilson, E., Kelly, B., Canfield, L. Simultaneous quantitation and separation of carotenoids and retinol in human milk by high-performance liquid chromatography. Methods Enzymol. 1992 213:399. |
|
1992 |
| Potischman, N., Herrero, R., Brinton, L., Reeves, W., Stacewicz-Sapuntzakis, M., Jones, C., Brenes, M., Tenorio, F., de Britton, R., Gaitan, E., . A case-control study of nutrient status and invasive cervical cancer. II. Serologic indicators. Am. J. Epidemiol. 1991 134:1347-1355. |
|
1991 |
| VanEenwyk, J., Davis, F., Bowen, P. Dietary and serum carotenoids and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Int. J. Cancer 1991 48:34-38. |
|
1991 |
| Patton, S., Canfield, L., Huston, G., Ferris, A., Jensen, R. Carotenoids of human colostrums. Lipids. 1990 25:159-165. |
|
1990 |
| Patton, S., Canfield, L., Huston, G., Ferris, A., Jensen, R. Lipids 1990 25:159-165. |
|
1990 |
| Bone, R., Landrum, J., Fernandez, L., Tarsis, S. Analysis of the macular pigment by HPLC: retinal distribution and age study. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 1988 29:843-849. |
|
1988 |

